Category: Wolves


In October, with the fall colours at their height,  I came across this seven month old wolf pup making its way along the banks of this river. Since I was on foot, I quickly hid behind a tree to not be spotted. Luckily the wind direction was in my favour as well.  Without knowing I was there, it stopped and appeared to look at its reflection in the turquoise waters, rooted around for some rodents and then I thought it would disappear into the thicket. However, it came around the corner and started trotting towards me. I crouched down on the ground and stopped taking photos to not give my position away, as the faint sound of the camera would have easily been picked up my the wolf. It proceeded to walk about 30 feet from me before it rounded another corner and went out of sight.

A wolf was hunting for rodents in the back of this meadow when a red fox nonchalantly trotted into the middle of the meadow right in front of the wolf. Since wolves are known to kill other carnivores if they come across them, I expected to see either the fox quickly run and hide or the wolf chase after and try to kill it. Instead they both just glanced at each other and then almost in unison, they resumed hunting. For several minutes they mimicked each others hunting stance, before the fox decided to move on and look for prey elsewhere.

The Bow Valley is dominated by human presence and infrastructure that the wolf pack must navigate on a daily basis.  Of the 7 pups born into the pack last year, 6  died due to either train or motor vehicle accidents. As the summer has progressed, this years litter of wolf pups are now spending all their time on the go with their parents and the yearling sibling, learning the ropes of the Bow Valley ecosystem. It won’t be easy for them to survive in this environment but so far four have managed to make it past the first few months and are quickly learning the lessons required to survive.

Shortly after the 4 month old pup howled I heard rustling in the bushes just ahead of me. Peering up the avalanche chute, through all the bent aspen saplings I spotted the movements of another wolf. As it entered a clearing it was clear that it was the mother. She was making her way through the trees  carrying the back end of a lamb in her mouth! She made her way to the pup hiding in the forest and shortly afterwards I heard the excited cries of the reunion and then growls over the meat. If you look closely you can see the hooves of the lamb near the base of the radio-collar.  Survival of the fittest in its purest form.

It is relatively common to see black wolves in North America, but that was not always the case. In fact, the black colouration is actually, in evolutionary time, a recent coat colour inherited from none other then the domestic dog some 10,000 to 14,000 years ago. Genomic studies have shown that prior to this time there were no black wolves. However, this trait was common in dogs and through breeding between the two, this gene has since been incorporated into the North American wolf genome and has provided these wolves with an adaptive advantage. What that advantage is no one really knows. Theories include improved camouflage, which doesn’t hold a lot of weight when you consider that wolves are not ambush predators. Another is that black colouration is linked to other genes that enhance immune function, which would provide these individuals with an obvious advantage. However, this theory has holes as well because there aren’t any black Arctic wolves, which you would expect if black colouration provided such a clear immune advantage but. Whatever the reason, Banff National Park has one of, if not the highest proportion of black wolves anywhere. This black wolf pup is one of six pups born this spring in Banff National Park. Of those six pups, five are black.

A three month old wolf pup peers out from behind a small hill in Banff National Park. This pup is one of six born this spring in Banff National Park. He is one of the bold ones, and as such tends to wander off from the den area without parental supervision to explore his new surroundings. Already, the parents are taking the pups on long hunting excursions, swimming across fast flowing rivers, avoiding grizzly and black bears, navigating the roads and railways all the while searching for their next meal. If the family is lucky, half of the pups will survive through their first year.

Over the past few weeks it has become clear that more education is required for people travelling to wilderness areas. Seven black bears and three wolves have been killed on the Trans Canada Highway already this summer. While some of these were likely unavoidable, speeding has played a large part in many of these deaths. Just recently someone was clocked speeding at 203km/hr just outside of Banff where the speed limit is 90km/hr! Posted speed limits on the Bow Valley Parkway (aka 1A) are much slower but are rarely followed even when wildlife warning signs are posted.

Even more concerning are the number of reports of bears and wolves being fed by people. This was sadly highlighted earlier this week when a wolf in Kananaskis country had to be killed by conservation officers because it had become a risk to public safety. This wolf had been fed by people and developed an association between humans and food. It approached parked cars, motorcycles and bicyclists looking for handouts. It frequented campgrounds and was recently observed running from a campsite with a roast in its mouth. The last straw was when it approached to within a few meters of a man and his son walking in a campground. They were able to get away by entering a bathroom at which point the wolf left. With a food conditioned large carnivore reliant on people for food, there was no other option and it was promptly shot. All because a few people thought that it would be a good idea to give it a few handouts.

I have spent more time in Banff National Park this year than any other year and it is abundantly clear that many people think it is Disney Land. I have seen parents placing their children within a few feet of bull elk to photograph them with these animals. One even tried to place their child on the antlers! Others park in the middle of the road and jump out to photograph bears feeding on plants right next to them. Remarkably, the animals have tolerated this stupidity and simply retreated, often times with people racing after them.

Wildlife photographers are also a problem. Several routinely get out of their vehicles and approach grizzly bears with cubs to within 10-15 feet, prompting a bluff charge from the bears. These same photographers have high powered telephoto lenses that enable them to stay back at a safe distance, but this seems to be lost on them.  I have seen a professional photographer that proclaims to only obtain ethical wildlife photographs endangering wildlife and motorists by directly blocking the path that the animals are travelling along with his car,  completely blocking traffic by parking diagonally across a road and even driving the wrong way on a one way road all in order to get the shot. Its hard to expect tourist that may not be used to seeing wildlife to act responsibly when those that know better set a poor example.

Please do your part to help our wildlife survive and reduce the risk that you will get injured while viewing wildlife. Follow the traffic laws and posted speed limits, don’t feed wildlife and view them from a safe distance while allowing them to carry out their natural behaviours. If you see others behaving inappropriately in the National Parks please report it immediately to Parks Canada staff or call 1 888 WARDENS (1-888-927-3367 ). Thanks!

I took this photo last weekend in Banff National Park. I have been fortunate enough to see this impressive female on multiple occasions over the past several months as she leaves and returns to the den site with food for her younger siblings born earlier this year. When the parents are off hunting she is an excellent babysitter, often playing with the young pups in the forest. On this particular day I spotted her a fair distance away as she made her way back from a hunting trip. This allowed me enough time to park my car in a pullout and hope that she would pass nearby. Once in place I set up my camera and waited. Sure enough, within a few minutes she trotted right up to where I was, took a few seconds to stop and look at me, before continuing on to rejoin the others back at the den.  It was just enough time to get this photo.

On the way to the ski hill I took a short detour to scan for wildlife and was I ever rewarded for it. I slowly pulled up to a clearing that looks down onto the Bow river and couldn’t believe my luck. A lone black wolf was racing around and leaping in the air at a flock of ravens fluttering just above it! Not knowing how long this would last I pulled over and snapped off a few not so great photos before it was apparent that the wolf was going to stick around and finish off the bone it was protecting. Once in a better position, I got to watch and photograph this young wolf for about 45 minutes as it periodically chased after ravens and magpies in between gnawing on a bone.

There are several researchers that believe if wolves are raised in close proximity to ravens, they become accustom to each other and the wolves will not try to harm ravens. I’m not sure this explanation fits for every case, particularly in a food limited environment.  In this particular case, the wolf seemed to enjoy displacing and chasing the ravens but he didn’t seem to really want to kill them as he had several opportunities where he easily could have.  See below for several other photos documenting this interaction.

After a few games of chase the raven, a young adult wolf sits down to enjoy it’s bone. The ravens kept their distance, each with just enough room between the wolf and each other to get airborne in time to avoid capture.

While the ravens gave up, two magpies decided to give it a try but with quickly put in their place by the wolf, who drove them off with a sudden burst that nearly resulted in the demise of a magpie

With the bone buried under the snow, the wolf trots off along the frozen bow river to catch up with the rest of the pack.

A 2011 pup cautiously crosses the road in front of several vehicles. While the TCH is fenced, the Bow Valley Parkway is not and as a result the speed limit is reduced to 60km/hr. However, lots of people don’t follow the posted limits even with warnings about wildlife being on the roads. Shortly before I took this photo someone raced past me at over 80km/hr. If they had know that they were speeding past a pack of wolves they likely would have kicked themselves.  So if you are lucky enough to travel this road, please follow the speed limits and keep your eyes peeled for wildlife. You may end up seeing something you have never seen before.

I was sitting on top of a beaver lodge taking pictures of waterfowl when I first saw this wolf trying to catch a beaver farther up the lake shore.  The wolf quickly lost interest and started hunting for a small rodent about 30 meters away from me as I lay down on my stomach to partially hide.  When I started taking photos the wolf heard the shutter, turned and decided I was much better than hunting for rodents! It stalked towards me and when it was only a few meters away I stood up, the wolf stopped, turned and ran back into the trees.